a fixed-case strategy in comparative constructions in which there are two predicates, one which attributes a gradable predicative scale to the comparee, and another which asserts that the comparee exceeds the standard on that scale. Example: Swahili mti huu ni mrefu ku-shinda ule This tree is taller than that (tree) is an instance of the exceed comparative: the first part mti huu ni mrefu this tree is big attributes a degree of height to this tree, and the second part ku-shinda ule exceed [inf] that (tree) asserts that this tree exceeds that tree in height. (Section 17.2.2)